Monday, May 25, 2020
Epithet in Homers Iliad and Odyssey
Usually called an epithet or a Homeric epithet, but sometimes called a Homeric epitaph, it is one of the most noticeable features of Homers works the Iliad and the Odyssey. Epithet comes from the Greek for putting (something) on (something). It is a tag or nickname that can be used on its own or together with the real name, depending on other features of the Greek language. Purpose and Use Epithets add a bit of color and also fill out the meter when the name on its own doesnt quite fit. In addition, epithets serve as a mnemonic device reminding listeners that they have, indeed, already heard mention of the character. The epithets, generally compound adjectives, are picturesque, which certainly helps make the assignment of character to epithet memorable. Examples Most of the important people in the Iliad have a special epithet that serves as an extra name. Athena is the only one described as glaucopis grey-eyed. She is called thea glaukopis Athene goddess grey-eyed Athena and also Pallas Athene Pallas Athena. On the other hand, Hera shares her epithet leukolenos white-armed. Hera does not, however, share the longer epithet thea leukolenos Hera goddess white-armed Hera; nor does she share the epithet bouopis potnia Hera cow-eyed mistress/queen Hera. Homer never calls the Greeks Greeks. Sometimes they are Achaeans. As Achaeans, they receive the epithets well-greaved or brazen-clad Achaeans. The title anax andron lord of men is most often given to the leader of the Greek forces, Agamemnon, although it is also given to others. Achilles receives epithets based on the swiftness of his feet. Odysseus is polutlos much-suffering and polumytis of many devices, crafty. There are other epithets for Odysseus beginning with polu- many/much that Homer selects on the basis of how many syllables he needs for the meter. The messenger goddess, Iris (note: the messenger deity is not Hermes in the Iliad), is called podenemos wind-swift. Perhaps the most familiar epithet is the one used for the passage of time, rhododaktulos Eos rosy-fingered Dawn.
Monday, May 18, 2020
Organizational Behavior and Communication Essay - 1273 Words
Organizational Behavior and Communication COM 530 Organizational Behavior and Communication in the Walt Disney Company This paper focuses on the organizational behavior and communication within the Walt Disney Company. This piece contains a discussion on The Disney Companyââ¬â¢s philosophy, mission statement, vision statement and values and its affect on organizational behavior and communication. The Disney Company is an international organization in which communication role plays an important part in the organizationsââ¬â¢ perception and organizational culture. The Company supports its values through its actions and communications among and within cast members (employees) as well as the general public.â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Instead of listening, assimilating and communicating with the French people and their culture, The Disney Company dictated how the park would be set-up, prices to charge and create another ââ¬Å"Americaâ⬠in France. According to France, everything had to be ââ¬Å"the Disney wayâ⬠and the French and their culture were pushed aside adding to a hostile environment (Spencer, 1995). The Company should have formed a group with French and American members to work out conflicts because the opinions of the members create discussions establishing an improved detailed method rather than a singular perspective (Jehn and Mannix, 2001). To improve communication with and among groups, The Company should follow the methods of recently acquired Pixar Company. The people at Pixar have the freedom to communicate with anyone in a ââ¬Å"safeâ⬠environment to offer ideas and criticism with explanations from anyone at any level in the organization. The leadership at Pixar explains that creativity is behind the companyââ¬â¢s success and having an open communication format is the basis of the company culture (Catmull, 2008). Disneyââ¬â¢s espoused values align with its enacted values. The Disney Company focuses on the customer and their experiences and even created a new term called ââ¬Å"guestologyâ⬠(Innovation value). The term applies to the importance Disney puts on understanding their customers. Disney measures the amount of time a customer has to wait, the number of acceptable drops onShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Behavior Communication Paper1190 Words à |à 5 PagesSouthwest Airlines Organizational Behavior amp; Communication Paper Erica Sepulveda Communications for Accountants/Com 530 January 30, 2012 Southwest Airlines Organizational Behavior amp; Communication Paper Airlines, such as Southwest Airlines, strive to provide the best customer service that they can offer to keep their customers happy. A prospective Southwest passenger may probably make their reservation by calling the customer service number, logging onRead MoreOrganizational Behavior and Communication Paper979 Words à |à 4 PagesOrganizational Behavior and Communication Paper Evelyn Smith COM 530 October 8, 2010 Organizational Behavior and Communication Paper This paper discusses the culture of the American Red Cross, noting whether the organizationââ¬â¢s values align with espoused or enacted values. Also covered will be to what extent is communication in the American Red Cross determined by its organizations culture. Communication plays a fundamental role in perception and organizationalRead MoreOrganizational Group Behavior and Communication1445 Words à |à 6 PagesOrganizational Group Behavior and Communication Chris Bevins COM 425 Communication in Organizations Willetraà Brittian 18 Jul 2010 Organizational Group Behavior and Communication People are an organizationââ¬â¢s most important and valuable resource. How they interact and communicate can be one of the most important aspects of an organizationââ¬â¢s success. The knowledge, skills, and abilities people of today possess offer limitless opportunities to maximize work center effectiveness. People not only comeRead MoreOrganizational Behavior and Communication Paper Communications 530747 Words à |à 3 PagesOrganizational Behavior and Communication Paper Nordstrom Inc., started as a small shoe store in Seattle, Washington in 1901. Since that time it has become one of the leading and successful shoe and apparel retailers in operation today. After reviewing different information regarding Nordstrom Inc. espoused values and enacted values, it is apparent that they are in alignment. Espoused values are the core values of the company. The history and organizational beliefs, developed into policy for theRead MoreCommunication Barriers as an Organizational Behavior Issue3200 Words à |à 13 Pagesï » ¿Abstract This paper discusses communication barriers as an organizational behavior issue at Jackson Memorial Hospital in Miami. The hospital is one of the largest in the United States, with multiple sites, multiple buildings, and a diverse staff. This makes communication a challenge not only for providing quality care, but also for fostering innovation and leadership throughout the organization. Recommendations are provided to improve communication with the objective of improving overall performanceRead MoreMotivation, Stress, and Communication: Leadership and Organizational Behavior1374 Words à |à 6 PagesMotivation, Stress, and Communication BUS 520 Leadership and Organizational Behavior August 21, 2012 ââ¬Æ' Create a brief job description for a position within the company you research that you would like to fill. Emory is among the top 20 universities in the country and is internationally recognized for its academics, groundbreaking research and technological advances with staff, faculty and students representing all regions of the United States and more than 100 foreign nations. As an Emory employeeRead MoreHow Strategic Ambiguity Is Used To Create Favorable Impressions1123 Words à |à 5 PagesHow strategic ambiguity is used to create favorable impressions organizational policies First, the present uncertainty definition is a straight outcome of relative perception of meaning. Being a strategy in Organizational Communication outlook, ambiguity remains essential to some consistent observation. Perception, Language as well as knowledge are wholly symbiotic. The reality experience if it is due to language, perception, memory, or something else, is a product of skipping outside the providedRead MoreEssay on MBA detail course outline1314 Words à |à 6 Pages5 years (Quarters, 3, 4, 7, 8 14) General Management 1st Quarter Effective : Spring Quarter 2011 Human Resource Management Finance Accounting Banking Finance â⬠¢ Organizational Communication â⬠¢ Organizational Communication â⬠¢ Organizational Communication â⬠¢ Organizational Communication â⬠¢ Principles of Management â⬠¢ Principles of Management â⬠¢ Principles of Management â⬠¢ Principles of Management â⬠¢ Research Methods â⬠¢ Research Methods â⬠¢ Research Methods Read MoreAmerican Airlines And Its Company Culture And Organizational Performance Essay1499 Words à |à 6 PagesAmerican Airlines and its company culture and organizational performance. In February of 2013, American Airlines and US Airways announced the merging of the two companies into ââ¬Å"The New American Airlinesâ⬠(American Airlines, 2013). However, while mergers can create immense value for organizations, employees, and customers, they also pose specific challenges, particularly for the maintenance and strength of the organizational culture (Organizational Behavior, 2014). II. Analysis SWOT: STRENGTHSRead More Organizational Behavior Terms and Concepts Essays1184 Words à |à 5 PagesOrganizational Behavior Terms and Concepts Summary Organizational behavior is a key concept which managers need to fully understand to have a successful department and organization. Along with the having a good repose with employees; managers need to have an understanding of the environment and goals of the organization he or she works in. Since companies are now growing into a more global organization, the need for proper communication is necessary for managers in order for the organization
Friday, May 15, 2020
What Are Radiation Pills
Radiation pills may be given in the event of nuclear accidents, nuclear attacks, or in the course of certain radioactive medical treatments. Heres a look at what radiation pills are and what is in them. A Description of Radiation Pills Radiation pills are tablets of potassium iodide, a common salt. Potassium iodide is a source of dietary iodine. The way radiation pills work is by saturating the thyroid with stable iodine so that radioactive iodine isotopes arent needed and thus arent absorbed by the body. Potassium iodide or KI is effective at protecting the thyroid of developing fetuses, babies, children and young adults from developing thyroid cancer from exposure to iodine isotopes. A dose of potassium iodide is effective for 24 hours. However, the pills dont protect against any other form of radiation exposure nor do they protect any other organ. They cant reverse damage that has already occurred. Radiation pills arent effective for persons over the age of 40 because their thyroid activity doesnt cause them to suffer much of an effect from iodine radioisotope exposure. Radiation Pill Alternatives There are natural alternatives to potassium iodide pills. Sources of dietary iodine block absorption of undesirable radioisotopes of iodine. You can get iodine from iodized salt, sea salt, kelp, and seafood. Is There a General-Purpose Radiation Pill? No, there is no pill that will protect you from radiation exposure. Your best course of action is to remove any contaminated clothing and shower to remove radioactive material. Radiation may be blocked by physically separating yourself from its source by a material known to block that type of radiation. For example, you can block alpha radiation with a sheet of paper. A wall will block alpha radiation. Lead is used to block x-radiation. The energy of the radiation determines what youll need to use to prevent exposure.
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
The Effect Of Becoming Too Smart - 1043 Words
Today, people live in a world unlike those generations before, where time stood still and our thoughts were our real mode of entertainment, but now people have invested into a controlled and structured lifestyle. As a matter of fact, the investment into technology and new developments into stem cell, cloning, and cyber genetics, also distance people from the art of Philosophy, because most people are preoccupied on technology over thoughts about why we exist or what causes bad things. During, the Age of Enlightenment, many philosophers, artists, musicians, and scientists began a revolution in their subject manner, and it created a split between the controlling Church and the doctrine. In reality, this advancement was similar to the advancement of the internet, because every aspect of our nature changed drastically, afterwards. Owing to, those pioneers from this period for our current ability to learn anything by the click of a mouse, but like anything else there are negative side eff ects for becoming too smart. David Hume from Edinburgh, Scotland in 1723 and died there in 1776, as a world famous philosopher of his time (n.p.). While, Immanuel Kant was born in Konigsberg, Prussia in 1724 and died in 1804, best known for his critique of Humeââ¬â¢s causality claim. In effect, Hume opened the door for other philosophers, or critics to expand on his view of causality and Kant took up the challenge, but their differences like: empiricist skepticism, transcendental idealism, and ethicsShow MoreRelatedEffects Of Multitasking1075 Words à |à 5 Pagesa distraction, not allowing a person to fully engage on a particular interest. Multitasking has negative effects on studentsââ¬â¢ performance in school. Easy access too many electronic devices is causing multitasking to become more apparent and inhibits a person from accomplishing work. However, it can also be argued that multitasking can save a person time, and it prevents the person from becoming bored with work an d daily duties. Eliminating multitasking from a personââ¬â¢s routine would allow an increaseRead MoreTechnology And Technology Essay790 Words à |à 4 Pagesthe world can be found with some form of smart device in their hand. Since the development of smart phones and video games a controversy has arisen. Technology has led to many wonderful advancement of the modern age and is benefiting people everywhere, but is it really that great? Technology has a negative effect on children and adolescents. Technology is having a negative impact on the way children are learning in schools today. Todayââ¬â¢s children are becoming more and more independent on technologyRead MoreThe Impact Of Smart Technology On Technology1578 Words à |à 7 Pages The Impact of Smart Technology Technology has improved so much over the last couple decades. One of the best and biggest technological advancements for this decade is the creation of Smart Technology. What is Smart Technology? By definition SMART is actually an acronym which stands for Self-Monitoring Analysis and Reporting Technology. It is used to protect and prevent errors in hard drives. The SMART technology basically monitors and analyzes hard drives, then checks the health of your hard driveRead MoreImpact Of Technology On The Health Of People Across The Globe1664 Words à |à 7 Pagestools. Technology has been continuously improving our standard of living but have the advancements gone too far? Modern technology has begun to consume our lives instead of enhancing our lives, and this has had more consequences than positives. Although the advancements in technology have had positive aspects, tools that we are creating now are having more adverse effects than positive effects when used improperly. Technologyââ¬â¢s largest positive impact has been its role in the health of peopleRead MoreDo You Think That Resistance from Employees Is Likely to Be the Biggest Problem for a Business That Wants to Reinvent Itself? Justify Your Answer with Reference to Samsung Electronics and or/Other Organisations That You Know.904 Words à |à 4 Pagesbusiness, markets and activities. For an organisation facing such problems where reinvention may have to occur, deep consideration would have to be taken into account factoring in all the issues that cause resistance to change; the causes of change; the effect change will have on employees and ways to manage change. The Finnish company Nokia is a prime example of company having to take on a new corporate strategy in order to compete with competitors that have over taken them in the market. Nokia hadRead MoreIs Technology Messing With Students Body And Mind?1339 Words à |à 6 Pagesevaluate the effects of these advanced gadgets that have shown to be positive and disadvantageous at the same time. Recent studies have shown how particularly college students have been using cell phones for cheating and texting whether it be a class discussion or while taking a test. This per me has not only had a degrading effect on their academics but also on their health altogether. These phones that we call smart are not making us that smart but the other way around. Having access to a smart phoneRead MoreThe Effects Of Screen Time On Childhood And Young Adult Development1324 Words à |à 6 PagesInstructor: Andrew Ash 2/13/17 The effects of ââ¬Å"screen Timeâ⬠on childhood and young adult development The revolution of social media and smart technology began with advancements in knowledge of how things can all come together. We are now in an age where there is technology all around us, and everything has become ââ¬Å"smartâ⬠including our phones to our tv. Which has changed the way we communicate and go through life. These advancements in technology have had an effect on those of the younger generationRead MoreWhy Disease-Causing Bacteria Are Resistant to Antibiotics and What the Medical Profession in South Africa is Doing About It1012 Words à |à 5 Pagesand you therefore need a prescription from a doctor to be able to buy them. They have no impact on viruses and should therefore not be prescribed where there is no bacterial infection. Antibiotic resistance is when bacteria starts to resist the effects of an antibiotic. It means that the antibiotic will no longer work to kill off the bacteria because the bacteria has mutated to a different form and the antibiotic doesnââ¬â¢t recognise it any more. Over time therefore the antibiotic no longer works toRead MoreEssay about Unit 20 Promoting Health Education P31007 Words à |à 5 PagesP3 ââ¬â in this task I will be planning my campaign and explain the reasons for the approaches, methods and models of behaviour change. This task will include SMART targets and planned approaches to education, I will be stating what models of behaviour change I will be using and also include who my audience is and what resources I will use and any cost incurred. The campaign we will be presenting is about obesity. In Sandwell, especially Smethwick; the number of children who are considered obese isRead MoreHow Technology Affects The Relationship Between Parents And Their Children912 Words à |à 4 PagesFor them, a sense of nostalgia may elicit a connection between one of those movies, LeVar Burtonââ¬â¢s Smart House, and Ray Bradburyââ¬â¢s short story ââ¬Å"The Veldt.â⬠Labeled as science fiction, both of these works share the common theme of a dependence on technology, as illustrated by the lives of the Hadley and Cooper families. In particular, these cautionary tales convey to the audience the consequences of too many advancements: severed relationships within families, a lack of responsibility, and a new, irreversible
Maslow s Hierarchy Of Needs - 1536 Words
Nothing may define us more in life then our behavior. They are the actions that become of our feelings, thoughts, and our experiences in life. As a whole the study of what people think, feel and do in and around an organization is referred to as Organizational behavior or OB. (McShane Glinow, 2016) .In an organizational structure, our behaviors can affect many aspects of business like moral and profit gain or loss. The ability to understand and properly manage many different types of people and behaviors inside a business structure allows the business to operate like a well-oiled machine. That also requires an understanding of how to motivate different personality types. In the research I am going to compare Maslowââ¬â¢s hierarchy of needs against Lawrence and Nohiraââ¬â¢s 4 drive theory in an attempt to better understand their possible uses inside an organizational structure. Letââ¬â¢s first take a look a look at the two theories before discussing their potential benefit. Maslowââ¬â¢s Hierarchy of Needs. We need to keep in mind that Maslowââ¬â¢s field was phycology, so his research was done from a medical viewpoint more so than a business one. In business, we understand that everyone is motivated differently so one approach will not work on all people. Maslowââ¬â¢s theory was that the needs or ââ¬Å"drivesâ⬠that motivated people could be condensed from the long list of needs that could potentially exist into 5 basic categories starting with the lowest; Physiological as in the need for food, air,Show MoreRelatedMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1741 Words à |à 7 PagesMaslowââ¬â¢s hierarchy of needs and Herzbergââ¬â¢s. The Maslowââ¬â¢s hierarchy of needs include five levels, and at the certain extent, reflect the rule of human s activities on psychological and behavior. Herzbergââ¬â¢ describe the more details of worker agree or disagree about working. In this essay, more related knowledge details and effects will de described, then, analysis the two theories individual, choose a better one. II. Describe the two theories. 2.1Maslowââ¬â¢s hierarchy of needs The Maslowââ¬â¢s hierarchy of needsRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1295 Words à |à 6 PagesMaslowââ¬â¢s hierarchy of needs (p. 379 in EP)? Outline each level and discuss how it relates to motivation. Abraham Maslow was born in 1908 in Brooklyn, New York. He originally studied law because of the influence of my parents, but after marrying his first cousin, Bertha Goodman, and moving to Wisconsin, he became interested in psychology. After achieving his Masters in Psychology, Maslow moved back to Brooklyn and started teaching at a school there. ââ¬Å"One of the many interesting things Maslow noticedRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1524 Words à |à 7 PagesSummary of Maslowââ¬â¢s The Hierarchy of Needs Abraham Maslow developed the theories of motivation because he felt that the sophistication of human behavior could not be portrayed through reinforcement or rewards. He felt that human action were directed toward realization and fulfillments and that behavior could be gratified while using multiple types of needs at the same time. Maslow wanted to find positive motivation as to why people react or engage in certain behaviors. He felt that basic survivalRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs982 Words à |à 4 PagesAbraham Maslow was one of the most influential and important educational psychologists and is recognized by many for his theory on mankindââ¬â¢s hierarchy of needs. Maslowââ¬â¢s theory which is known as ââ¬Å"Maslowââ¬â¢s Hierarchy of Needsâ⬠is best explained as a pyramid of needs that we as humans must meet in order to progress to another stage of needs. There are five stages in the pyramid of needs and they go as follows: physiological, safety, love and b elongingness, esteem, and finally self-actualization. MaslowRead MoreMaslow s The Hierarchy Of Needs1769 Words à |à 8 Pages Summary of Maslowââ¬â¢s The Hierarchy of Needs Jennifer Thompson Arkansas Tech University Author Note This individual research paper is being submitted on October 13, 2014 for Loretta Cochranââ¬â¢s Management [BUAD 3123] course. ââ¬Æ' Summary of Maslowââ¬â¢s The Hierarchy of Needs Abraham Maslow developed the theories of motivation because he felt that the sophistication of human behavior could not be portrayed through reinforcement or rewards. He felt that human action were directed toward realizationRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1498 Words à |à 6 Pagesjust want to survive in life they want to flourish. Maslow s hierarchy of needs explains to us a ranking of needs for most essential to the least. While the interactionist point of view explains how humans are social creatures and social interaction is just as important as all of the other needs listed on Maslowââ¬â¢s Model. Maslow s hierarchy of needs is a ranking of needs for most essential to the least. Corrections Today explains that Abraham Maslow was an American psychologist born in New York, heRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs Essay1527 Words à |à 7 Pages This international technology company demands strong motivation, stupendous leadership and great understanding between workers. Leaders need to create willingness amongst the employees to operate at their highest potential; this willingness is referred to as motivation. This report is based on a content/needs theory of motivation (Maslowââ¬â¢s hierarchy of needs). It consists of two pieces of primary research on the theory. The first one summarises worker motivation on selected construction sites inRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1388 Words à |à 6 Pages Abraham Maslow was an American philosopher who was born in the early 1990 s in Brooklyn, New York. He was one of the leading theorists that promoted humanistic psychology during his era. Maslow sought to understand what motivates and inspires individuals. He theorized that individuals possess and hold a group of motivation and incentive systems not related to plunder or insensible desires. Maslow declared that people are motivated and provoked to attain certain needs. When one need is fulfilledRead MoreThe Maslow s Hierarchy Of Needs Essay1014 Words à |à 5 Pages Maslowââ¬â¢s hierarchy of needs Submitted by: Deepali Kotecha (student number: 4288370) Submitted to: Mr Simon Bishop Date: 14th November 2016 Introduction to management University of Nottingham First year coursework Table of contents Introductionâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦3 Introduction Running and managing a successful company requires strenuous efforts. Organisations are forced to be flexible, efficient and productive to excel at their performance. ThisRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1846 Words à |à 8 PagesAbraham Maslow developed the Hierarchy of needs (HON) to try and explain human psychological developments and how these manifest themselves into a workerââ¬â¢s life. We will explore some issues brought up by the model and why it may lack a certain the degree of unification and how it could potentially work better if entwined with other views. Motivation is the ââ¬Å"word derived from the word ââ¬â¢motiveââ¬â¢ Itââ¬â¢s the process of stimulating people to actions to accomplish the goalsâ⬠(guide, 2017) Also, Maslow
Evolution of Management free essay sample
As long as there have been human endeavors, there have been people willing to take chargeââ¬âpeople willing to plan, organize, staff, and control the work. One might say that nature abhors a vacuum and thus someone will always step forward to fill a leadership void. Probably the natural emergence of leadership grew out of our instinct for survival. In the hostile world of early humankind, food, shelter, and safety needs usually required cooperative efforts, and cooperative efforts required some form of leadership. Certainly leadership was vested in the heads of early families via the patriarchal system. The oldest member of the family was the most experienced and was presumed to be the wisest member of the family and thus was the natural leader. As families grew into tribes and tribes evolved into nations, more complex forms of leadership were required and did evolve. Division of labor and supervision practices is recorded on the earliest written record, the clay tablets of the Sumerians. Their ideas have created an awareness about existing managerial problems at that time. Classical Management Era (1880-1930) At the turn of the new century, efficiency and productivity became a critical concern of the managers. Among the major characteristics of the Classical Management Theory are rational economic view which assumes that people are motivated by economic gains, scientific management which emphasizes on internal operations as managers are concerned with meeting the demand, administrative principles which requires both the job and people to form an efficient organization and lastly, bureaucratic organization which finds ways to eliminate managerial inconsistencies brought about by abuse of power leading to ineffectiveness. This era of industrial revolution that took place in Europe and North America had manual labor replaced by machines especially in the garments and automobile sectors. The rapid occurrence and the need to increase organizational efficiency and effectiveness have guided the evolution of management because even then, managers have searched for ways on how to make the most of the vast resources to their maximum usage. Neo Classical Era ââ¬â Human Relations (1930-1950) The Neo Classical Era paved the way to the emergence of behavioral or the human relations management in the 1920ââ¬â¢s. A group of researchers including Elton Mayo conducted the first studies of human relations in the Hawthorne Plant of the Western Electric Company located in Illinois, USA. Their finding which is more popularly called as the Hawthorne Effect is used as a basis for managing human relations: 1. The aptitudes of individuals are imperfect predictors of job performance. 2. Informal organization affects productivity. 3. Work-group norms affet productivity. 4. The work place is a social system. Chester Bernard followed Hawthorne Effectââ¬â¢s principles and developed a framework that dealt with the executive functions. According to his Acceptance Theory of Authority, supervisors in a company only have much authority as their subordinates allow them to have. Among the functions of a manager include: 1. Establish and maintain an effective communication system. 2. Hire and retain effective personnel. 3. Motivate those personnel. Modern Management Era (1950 up to present) The rise of labor unions and government regulations brought by unfair labor practices during the Great Depression gave way to the modern management we know today. Companies now sought after potential in an employee as well exceptional capabilities. Organizations began seeing the upside of employee development and the dependency of individual success on organization success. Many experts analyze past management theories in order to develop new improved models that will result to a more effective supervision. Modern management thinkers like Robert Schlaifer and Herbert Simon defines organization as a complex system that underlies contingency approach and use of modern techniques to solve organizational and human problems.
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Battle Royal By Ellison Essay Example For Students
Battle Royal By Ellison Essay After I read the story Battle Royal by Ralph Ellison, I could not restrain my thoughts about issues of morality and what it has to do with reality, from clashing in to one another in my mind. As these two completely different ideas were pushing me to the brink of madness, my mind began to click. At this point I came to the realization that a persons reality, that is that persons mental reflection of the society and/or time in which he or she lives, is consistent with that persons morality or standards of right and wrong. I realize that my concept of a persons reality being consistent with morality is quite confusing. I also accept the fact that there are always exceptions to rules. The story Battle Royal is the key in understanding and seeing the relationship between morality and reality. The characters in this story, namely the grandfather and his grandson, reveal to us their individuality, principles, morals, and ethics. Doing so they unfold a map that reveals their mental reality. Because their principals, morals and ethics reveal to us their mental reality, then their mental reality discloses the reality of the society in which they live. Battle Royal is a story about a black boy that is psychologically wakened when he overhears what his grandfather says on his deathbed to his father. Our heros journey toward the light truth is started a long time ago. However in the beginning he is unable to get on the right course, due to the wrong advice he is given by different people; he says it as All my life I had been looking for something, and everywhere that I turned someone tried to tell me what it was. I accepted their answers too, though they were often in contradiction 223. Because each time that he accepts their advice he is little by little pushed off the right track. It is not until he realizes that he is searching for himself, and instead of asking others questions, he needs to ask the questions to himself. Once he discovers whom to turn to, he begins a long and difficult journey in which he realizes that he is a unique person. He puts it as, I am nobody but myself 223. This means that he is unique and he is who he is, black. However before he comes to this enlightenment he discovers that he is an invisible man 223. He marks himself invisible because in the society in which a person is unheard and unseen by others he is invisible. At that point our young friends problem is clear. He is a black boy in a White mens world, in which he is not seen or heard. Yet he still does not know what to do about it until he hears his grandfathers words to his father: Son, after Im gone I want you to keep up a good fight. I never told you, but your life is a war and IÃ have been a traitor all my born days, a spy in the enemys country ever since I give up my gun back in the Reconstruction. Live with your head in the lions mouth. I want you to overcomeem with yeses, undermineem with grins, agreeem to death and destruction, letem swoller you till they vomit or bust wide open. Learn it to the younguns. 223 These last words that his grandfather speaks are the chain-breakers that set the young boys mind free. These are the wo rds that guide him on the right path to the realization of who he is, and how he needs to start thinking and acting. However, this path that his grandfather sets him on, is one that presents many mind-tormenting problems. This boy and all like him live in a white dominated society, and the white men in the society can be seen as the puppeteers. In his society the black people are chained down in a reality in which the white dominating society imposes certain morals or principles by which the black community needs to act. .uf75de27b2a87b6c804fb418348b465f7 , .uf75de27b2a87b6c804fb418348b465f7 .postImageUrl , .uf75de27b2a87b6c804fb418348b465f7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf75de27b2a87b6c804fb418348b465f7 , .uf75de27b2a87b6c804fb418348b465f7:hover , .uf75de27b2a87b6c804fb418348b465f7:visited , .uf75de27b2a87b6c804fb418348b465f7:active { border:0!important; } .uf75de27b2a87b6c804fb418348b465f7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf75de27b2a87b6c804fb418348b465f7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf75de27b2a87b6c804fb418348b465f7:active , .uf75de27b2a87b6c804fb418348b465f7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf75de27b2a87b6c804fb418348b465f7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf75de27b2a87b6c804fb418348b465f7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf75de27b2a87b6c804fb418348b465f7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf75de27b2a87b6c804fb418348b465f7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf75de27b2a87b6c804fb418348b465f7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf75de27b2a87b6c804fb418348b465f7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf75de27b2a87b6c804fb418348b465f7 .uf75de27b2a87b6c804fb418348b465f7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf75de27b2a87b6c804fb418348b465f7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Animal Farm and 1984 Comparison EssayHowever unlike the people around him, he is able to break the chains that imprison his mind and see how things really work. He first gets a true sense in what kind of society he lives when he is invited to give his graduation speech at the battle royal. A battle royal is a sort of a barbarous boxing match in which black boys with blindfolds are forced to fight each other for the entertainment of certain towns men. Our hero is also made to participate in this activity. I was shocked to see some of the most important men of the town quite tipsy, he says when he sees who is there. They were all there-bankers, lawyers, judges, doctors, fire chiefs, teachers, merchants. Even one of the more fashionable pastors. 225. After the fight, in front of that drunk and perverted crowd of white influential males he is going to present his graduation speech, a speech that address Social responsibility 231. At the end of the story we finally see how his morality becomes constant with the reality that he lives. The night after the Battle Royal he has a dream. In it he hears his grandfather give him instructions to read a note that is in the briefcase which was given to him as an award. The note read, To Whom It May Concern, Keep this Nigger-Boy Running 233. This is the point that he realizes that the nice things he has been given are not for his benefit, but he is being about with these gifts. From all this he now knows for a fact that he lives in a society that does not except him as a person, but rather more like an animal that does not disserve any human rights. Because this society is his reality, he now needs to alter his moral ideas so it will compliment his newly realized reality.
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